自己做了一块74HC595的IO扩展板卡，出于灵活考虑，没有都采用级联的方式，而是2组多芯片级联的结构。基于STM32平台设计。

结构示意图

74HV595内部结构图

头文件：

#ifndef __74HC595_H__

#define __74HC595_H__

#include "main.h"

typedef struct{

  GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx;

  uint16_t GPIO_Pin;

}strHC595_Port;

//非级联74HC595芯片组数

#define HC595_GROUP_NUMBER  2

/* 第一组芯片 */

//使能

#define HC595_OE1_RCC_GPIOX_EN      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_OE1_GPIO          GPIOA

#define HC595_OE1_PIN          GPIO_PIN_4

//锁存

#define HC595_RCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_RCLK1_GPIO        GPIOA

#define HC595_RCLK1_PIN          GPIO_PIN_6

//时钟

#define HC595_SRCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_SRCLK1_GPIO        GPIOA

#define HC595_SRCLK1_PIN        GPIO_PIN_7

//清除

#define HC595_SRCLR1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_SRCLR1_GPIO        GPIOA

#define HC595_SRCLR1_PIN        GPIO_PIN_5

//数据

#define HC595_DATA1_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_DATA1_GPIO        GPIOC

#define HC595_DATA1_PIN          GPIO_PIN_4

/* 第二组芯片 */

//使能

#define HC595_OE2_RCC_GPIOX_EN      __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_OE2_GPIO          GPIOB

#define HC595_OE2_PIN          GPIO_PIN_3

//锁存

#define HC595_RCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_RCLK2_GPIO        GPIOB

#define HC595_RCLK2_PIN          GPIO_PIN_5

//时钟

#define HC595_SRCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_SRCLK2_GPIO        GPIOB

#define HC595_SRCLK2_PIN        GPIO_PIN_6

//清除

#define HC595_SRCLR2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_SRCLR2_GPIO        GPIOB

#define HC595_SRCLR2_PIN        GPIO_PIN_4

//数据

#define HC595_DATA2_RCC_GPIOX_EN    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE()

#define HC595_DATA2_GPIO        GPIOB

#define HC595_DATA2_PIN          GPIO_PIN_7

extern void HC595_Init(void);

extern uint8_t HC595_write(uint8_t group,uint8_t nbit,uint32_t datas);

#endif /*__74HC595_H__*/

源文件：

复制

#include "74HC595.h"

strHC595_Port HC595_OE_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=

{        

  {HC595_OE1_GPIO,HC595_OE1_PIN},

  {HC595_OE2_GPIO,HC595_OE2_PIN},

  //元素个数与HC595_GROUP_NUMBER对应

};

strHC595_Port HC595_RCLK_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=

{        

  {HC595_RCLK1_GPIO,HC595_RCLK1_PIN},

  {HC595_RCLK2_GPIO,HC595_RCLK2_PIN},

  //元素个数与HC595_GROUP_NUMBER对应

};

strHC595_Port HC595_SRCLK_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=

{        

  {HC595_SRCLK1_GPIO,HC595_SRCLK1_PIN},

  {HC595_SRCLK2_GPIO,HC595_SRCLK2_PIN},

  //元素个数与HC595_GROUP_NUMBER对应

};

strHC595_Port HC595_SRCLR_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=

{        

  {HC595_SRCLR1_GPIO,HC595_SRCLR1_PIN},

  {HC595_SRCLR2_GPIO,HC595_SRCLR2_PIN},

  //元素个数与HC595_GROUP_NUMBER对应

};

strHC595_Port HC595_DATA_Port[HC595_GROUP_NUMBER]=

{        

  {HC595_DATA1_GPIO,HC595_DATA1_PIN},

  {HC595_DATA2_GPIO,HC595_DATA2_PIN},

 //元素个数与HC595_GROUP_NUMBER对应

};

//操作接口宏定义

#define HC595_OE_PIN(X)      HC595_OE_Port[X].GPIO_Pin

#define HC595_OE_GPIO(X)    HC595_OE_Port[X].GPIOx  

#define HC595_OE_H(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_OE_GPIO(X), HC595_OE_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)

#define HC595_OE_L(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_OE_GPIO(X), HC595_OE_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)

#define HC595_RCLK_PIN(X)    HC595_RCLK_Port[X].GPIO_Pin

#define HC595_RCLK_GPIO(X)    HC595_RCLK_Port[X].GPIOx  

#define HC595_RCLK_H(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_RCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_RCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)

#define HC595_RCLK_L(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_RCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_RCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)

#define HC595_SRCLK_PIN(X)    HC595_SRCLK_Port[X].GPIO_Pin

#define HC595_SRCLK_GPIO(X)    HC595_SRCLK_Port[X].GPIOx  

#define HC595_SRCLK_H(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)

#define HC595_SRCLK_L(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLK_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLK_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)

#define HC595_SRCLR_PIN(X)    HC595_SRCLR_Port[X].GPIO_Pin

#define HC595_SRCLR_GPIO(X)    HC595_SRCLR_Port[X].GPIOx  

#define HC595_SRCLR_H(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLR_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLR_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)

#define HC595_SRCLR_L(X)    HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_SRCLR_GPIO(X), HC595_SRCLR_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)

#define HC595_DATA_PIN(X)    HC595_DATA_Port[X].GPIO_Pin

#define HC595_DATA_GPIO(X)    HC595_DATA_Port[X].GPIOx  

#define HC595_DATA_H(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_DATA_GPIO(X), HC595_DATA_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_SET)

#define HC595_DATA_L(X)      HAL_GPIO_WritePin(HC595_DATA_GPIO(X), HC595_DATA_PIN(X), GPIO_PIN_RESET)

void HC595_delay_us(uint8_t t_us)

{

  //修改为系统中对应的微秒级延时函数,根据实际需求可以换成更小的ns级延时

  delay_us(t_us);

}

/*

*描述：初始化HC595_GROUP_NUMBER组芯片对应的控制引脚

*/

void HC595_Init(void)

{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  uint8_t i = 0;

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */

  //第一组芯片引脚时钟

  HC595_OE1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_RCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_SRCLK1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_SRCLR1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_DATA1_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  //第二组芯片引脚时钟

  HC595_OE2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_RCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_SRCLK2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_SRCLR2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  HC595_DATA2_RCC_GPIOX_EN;

  /*Configure GPIO pin */

  for(i=0; i