开发板: tq2440
工具: Win7 + VMware + Debian6
U-boot版本: u-boot-2015.01
Linux版本: 天嵌自带的 linux-2.6.30.4
GCC版本: gcc version 4.3.3 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q1-176)
之前由于移植过u-boot-2014.04到tq2440上,现在移植u-boot-2015.01的时候就不说那么详细了,因为之前已经说的很详细了,现在简略移植一下。
在移植的时候,基本上是参考移植u-boot-2014.04时写的文档,可以到这里下载:http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jGxEYQq
首先说明一下u-boot-2015.01跟之前版本的差别
从http://ftp.denx.de/pub/u-boot/下载最新的u-boot版本,目前最新的是 u-boot-2015.01.tar.bz2
下面是解压后得到的文件:
可以看到目录内容跟u-boot-2014.04不同了,下面是u-boot-2014.04的顶层目录内容:
其中最不同的就是我们所熟悉的在u-boot-2014.04中的boards.cfg和mkconfig没有了,而同时又在u-boot-2015.01的顶层目录下多出了一个configs目录,还有一个Kconfig文件(这不是Linux内核所特有的吗?),可以看到u-boot一直在学习Linux内核的配置和编译方法。
在configs目录下有很多默认的配置文件:
在Linux的arch/arm/configs下面也有很多默认的配置文件,Linux内核在配置的时候可以使用 make xxx_defconfig 来配置,
看样子,u-boot也可以使用make xxx_defconfig,Linux内核还可以使用make menuconfig来配置,u-boot也可以使用make menuconfig来配置,下面我们用smdk2410为例实验一下:
在u-boot-2015.01的configs目录下有一个叫做smd2410_defconfig的配置文件,那么执行 make smd2410_defconfig
然后我们再执行make menuconfig试试:
果然如此。
我们选择的是smdk2410的配置文件,在这里体现出来:
然后就可以编译了, 直接执行 make 即可,刚开始会报错:
原因是我们没有指定交叉编译工具链的名字,修改顶层的Makefile即可:
然后再执行make就可以编译成功。
在以前的u-boot配置是总是有什么ARCH、CPU、BOARD和SOC之类的变量,同时编译完成后会在include下生成一个叫做config.mk的文件,其中对这几个变量赋值了,如:
但是在u-boot-2015.01编译完成后,在include下面却没有config.mk了,只有autoconf.mk了,那它是怎么做的呢?
在u-boot-2015.01中执行完make smdk2410_defconfig后,会在顶层目录中生成一个.config文件,我们大致看一下其中的内容:
可以看到,在.config中还是有ARCH、CPU、SOC以及BOARD之类的配置项,在顶层目录下的config.mk中会使用.config中的配置:
在arch/Kconfig中对这几个配置进行了说明:
config SYS_ARCH
string
help
This option should contain the architecture name to build the
appropriate arch/ All the architectures should specify this option correctly. config SYS_CPU string help This option should contain the CPU name to build the correct arch/ This is optional. For those targets without the CPU directory, leave this option empty. config SYS_SOC string help This option should contain the SoC name to build the directory arch/ This is optional. For those targets without the SoC directory, leave this option empty. config SYS_VENDOR string help This option should contain the vendor name of the target board. If it is set and board/ directory is compiled. If CONFIG_SYS_BOARD is also set, the sources under board/ This is optional. For those targets without the vendor directory, leave this option empty. config SYS_BOARD string help This option should contain the name of the target board. If it is set, either board/ or board/ whether CONFIG_SYS_VENDOR is set or not. This is optional. For those targets without the board directory, leave this option empty. config SYS_CONFIG_NAME string help This option should contain the base name of board header file. The header file include/configs/ should be included from include/config.h. 同时在arch/Kconfig中又会加载其他目录下的Kconfig,如 source “arch/arm/Kconfig”,在arch/arm/Kconfig中又会加载board目录下的Kconfig,如 source “board/samsung/smdk2410/Kconfig”,下面我们看一下board/samsung/smdk2410/Kconfig中的内容: 不错,就是在这里对.config中的那几个配置赋了值,可以看到,第一个行用TARGET_SMDK2410进行了判断,这个在arch/arm/Kconfig中: 意思是: 如果选择的是smd2410,TARGET_SMDK2410会被选择,然后board/samsung/smdk2410/Kconfig会对CONFIG_SYS_CPU、CONFIG_SYS_SOC、CONFIG_SYS_VENDOR、CONFIG_SYS_BOARD、CONFIG_SYS_CONFIG_NAME赋值: 参考u-boot-2014.04移植手册(TQ2440).pdf文档 1. 清理一下刚才编译的垃圾 make distclean 2. 拷贝 cp -a board/samsung/smdk2410/ board/tq2440 cd board/tq2440 mv smdk2410.c tq2440.c 修改board/tq2440/Makefile 修改board/tq2440/Kconfig 修改arch/arm/Kconfig, 添加smdk2440的配置项 修改arch/arm/Kconfig, 加载board/tq2440/Kconfig 拷贝配置文件include/configs/smdk2410.h为include/configs/tq2440.h: cp include/configs/smdk2410.h include/configs/tq2440.h 拷贝默认配置文件 cp configs/smdk2410_defconfig configs/tq2440_defconfig 修改configs/tq2440_defconfig, 在配置时我们就可以使用 make tq2440_defconfig了。 将include/configs/tq2440.h中的smdk2410的信息注释掉,注意不能使用 // 这种注释方法,而必须使用 #if … #endif 或者 /**/,否则在编译链接时会出错,可能是u-boot的一个bug。 下面的内容就不说了,需要注意的是由于定义了宏CONFIG_SYS_GENERIC_BOARD,代码运行的过程跟以前有所不同,如在arch/arm/lib/crt0.S中的board_init_f和board_init_r分别调用的是common/board_f.c中的board_init_f和common/board_r.c中的board_init_r。 下面是patch的下载地址,目前仅支持norflash和dm9000,还不支持nandflash等(可以参考u-boot-2014.04移植手册完成)。 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1pJyqcMf 通过将天嵌自带的内核uImage通过tftp下载到内存的0x30008000地址处,然后设置bootargs为"noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0",然后设置machid为a8,使用bootm 0x30008000可以正确的启动内核: U-Boot 2015.01-gbfc9037-dirty (Jan 31 2015 - 18:49:33) CPUID: 32440001 FCLK: 400 MHz HCLK: 100 MHz PCLK: 50 MHz DRAM: 64 MiB WARNING: Caches not enabled Flash: 2 MiB In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Net: dm9000 TQ2440 # setenv bootargs 'noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0' TQ2440 # tftp 0x30008000 uImage dm9000 i/o: 0x20000000, id: 0x90000a46 DM9000: running in 16 bit mode MAC: 00:11:22:33:44:55 could not establish link Using dm9000 device TFTP from server 192.168.1.8; our IP address is 192.168.1.6 Filename 'uImage'. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################### 1.5 MiB/s done Bytes transferred = 2415820 (24dccc hex) TQ2440 # bootm 0x30008000 ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 30008000 ... Image Name: Linux-2.6.30.4-EmbedSky Created: 2015-01-31 11:08:47 UTC Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 2415756 Bytes = 2.3 MiB Load Address: 30008000 Entry Point: 30008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK Loading Kernel Image ... OK Using machid 0xa8 from environment Starting kernel ... Uncompressing Linux................................................................................................................................................................ done, booting the kernel. Linux version 2.6.30.4-EmbedSky (pengdl@debian) (gcc version 4.3.3 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q1-176) ) #1 Sat Jan 31 19:08:25 CST 2015 CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177 CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache Machine: TQ2440 Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001) S3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics S3C244X: core 400.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256 Kernel command line: noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0 NR_IRQS:85 irq: clearing pending ext status 00080000 irq: clearing subpending status 00000003 irq: clearing subpending status 00000002 PID hash table entries: 256 (order: 8, 1024 bytes) Console: colour dummy device 80x30 console [ttySAC0] enabled Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) Memory: 64MB = 64MB total Memory: 59664KB available (4512K code, 454K data, 240K init, 0K highmem) SLUB: Genslabs=11, HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1 Calibrating delay loop... 199.47 BogoMIPS (lpj=498688) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok net_namespace: 296 bytes NET: Registered protocol family 16 S3C2440: Initialising architecture S3C2440: IRQ Support S3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004,2006 Simtec Electronics DMA channel 0 at c4808000, irq 33 DMA channel 1 at c4808040, irq 34 DMA channel 2 at c4808080, irq 35 DMA channel 3 at c48080c0, irq 36 S3C244X: Clock Support, DVS off bio: create slab SCSI subsystem initialized usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs usbcore: registered new interface driver hub usbcore: registered new device driver usb s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10 s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 97 KHz s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048) TCP reno registered NET: Registered protocol family 1 yaffs Jan 31 2015 19:04:20 Installing. msgmni has been set to 116 alg: No test for stdrng (krng)
先说到这里吧。下面开始移植tq2440